Serdar Balcı
Hasar sonrası doku mimarisinin ve aktivitesinin restorasyonu
Hasarlı dokunun rejenerasyonu
Bağ dokuda skar oluşumu
Rejenerasyon kapasitesi olmayan dokularda
Dokudaki destek yapılarda zarar görümüştür
Tamir fibröz doku oluşumu ile sonuçlanır → skar oluşumu
Kayıp parankimal hücrelerin fonksiyonu yerine getirilemez
Yapısal sağlamlık elde edilmeye çalışılır, böylece rezidü hücreler aktivitelerini yerine getirebilir
Organize pnömoni
İnflamatuar eksuda ile dolu bir boşlukta gelişen fibrozis
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins Basic Pathology
Hücre ve doku rejenerasyonundaki faktörler
Hücre proliferasyonu
Büyüme Faktörleri
Ekstaselüler Matriks
Robbins Basic Pathology
Kendini yenileme kapasitesi
Asimetrik çoğalma
Özel mikroçevre, kök hücre nişleri
Rejeneratif Tıp
Embriyonik kök hücreler
Erişkin kök hücreleri (doku kök hücreleri)
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Ciddi, kronik hasar
Bölünemeyen hücreler hasara uğradığında
Tamir bağ doku ile olur
Rejenerasyon gösteren hücreler ve skar birlikte olabilir
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Fibroblastların göçü
Fibroblast ve endotel hücre proliferasyonu
Robbins Basic Pathology
Çok miktarda damar
Arada lökositler
Makroskopik olarak pembe granüler görünüm
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Fibroblastlar hasar bölgesine göç eder ve çoğalır
Bu hücrelerce üretilen ESM proteinleri birikir
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)
Sitokinler
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Temiz, enfekte olmayan cerrahi kesi
Cerrahi sütürlerle yaklaştırılmış
Epitelyal bazal membran devamlılığında fokal bozulma
Görece az epitelyal ve konnektif doku ölümü
Tamirin temelinde epitelyal rejenerasyon var
Küçük bir skar oluşur
Minimal yara kontraksiyonu olur
İnsizyon bölgesi öncelikle fibrin pıhtısı ile dolar
Granülasyon dokusu hızlıca gelişir
Yeni epitelle kapatılır
İlk 24 saat
İnsizyon sahasındaki fibrin içine nötrofiller ilerler
Epidermiste kesilen yerlere komşu bazal hücrelerde mitotik aktivite artar
Robbins Basic Pathology
24-48 saat
Her iki uçtaki epite
Epithelial cells from both edges have begun to migrate and proliferate along the dermis
Deposite basement membrane components as they progress
The cells meet in the midline beneath the surface scab
A thin but continuous epithelial layer.
Robbins Basic Pathology
By day 3
Neutrophils replaced by macrophages
Granulation tissue progressively invades the incision space
Collagen fibers are evident at the incision margins, but these are vertically oriented and do not bridge the incision
Epithelial cell proliferation continues, yielding a thickened epidermal covering layer
Robbins Basic Pathology
By day 5
Neovascularization reaches its peak
Granulation tissue fills the incisional space
Collagen fibrils become more abundant and begin to bridge the incision
The epidermis recovers its normal thickness
Differentiation of surface cells yields a mature epidermal architecture with surface keratinization
Robbins Basic Pathology
Second week
Continued collagen accumulation and fibroblast proliferation
The leukocyte infiltrate, edema, and increased vascularity are substantially diminished
Increasing collagen deposition within the incisional scar
Regression of vascular channels
Robbins Basic Pathology
By the end of the first month
Scar consists of a cellular connective tissue
No inflammatory cells
Covered by a normal epidermis
Dermal appendages destroyed in the line of the incision are permanently lost The tensile strength of the wound increases with time
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Inflammatory reaction is more intense
Abundant granulation tissue
Robbins Basic Pathology
Accumulation of ECM and formation of a large scar
Followed by wound contraction by myofibroblasts
Robbins Basic Pathology
Wound strength
70% to 80% of normal by 3 months
Usually does not improve
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Excessive deposition of collagen and other ECM components in a tissue
Deposition of collagen in chronic diseases.
The basic mechanisms of fibrosis are the same as those of scar formation during tissue repair
Tissue repair occurs after a short-lived injurious stimulus, follows an orderly sequence of steps
**Fibrosis is induced by persistent injurious stimuli **
Responsible for organ dysfunction and even organ failure
Hasar sonrası doku mimarisinin ve aktivitesinin restorasyonu
Hasarlı dokunun rejenerasyonu
Bağ dokuda skar oluşumu
Rejenerasyon kapasitesi olmayan dokularda
Dokudaki destek yapılarda zarar görümüştür
Tamir fibröz doku oluşumu ile sonuçlanır → skar oluşumu
Kayıp parankimal hücrelerin fonksiyonu yerine getirilemez
Yapısal sağlamlık elde edilmeye çalışılır, böylece rezidü hücreler aktivitelerini yerine getirebilir
Organize pnömoni
İnflamatuar eksuda ile dolu bir boşlukta gelişen fibrozis
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins Basic Pathology
Hücre ve doku rejenerasyonundaki faktörler
Hücre proliferasyonu
Büyüme Faktörleri
Ekstaselüler Matriks
Robbins Basic Pathology
Kendini yenileme kapasitesi
Asimetrik çoğalma
Özel mikroçevre, kök hücre nişleri
Rejeneratif Tıp
Embriyonik kök hücreler
Erişkin kök hücreleri (doku kök hücreleri)
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins and Cotran’s Pathological Basis of Diseases
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Ciddi, kronik hasar
Bölünemeyen hücreler hasara uğradığında
Tamir bağ doku ile olur
Rejenerasyon gösteren hücreler ve skar birlikte olabilir
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Fibroblastların göçü
Fibroblast ve endotel hücre proliferasyonu
Robbins Basic Pathology
Çok miktarda damar
Arada lökositler
Makroskopik olarak pembe granüler görünüm
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Fibroblastlar hasar bölgesine göç eder ve çoğalır
Bu hücrelerce üretilen ESM proteinleri birikir
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)
Sitokinler
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Temiz, enfekte olmayan cerrahi kesi
Cerrahi sütürlerle yaklaştırılmış
Epitelyal bazal membran devamlılığında fokal bozulma
Görece az epitelyal ve konnektif doku ölümü
Tamirin temelinde epitelyal rejenerasyon var
Küçük bir skar oluşur
Minimal yara kontraksiyonu olur
İnsizyon bölgesi öncelikle fibrin pıhtısı ile dolar
Granülasyon dokusu hızlıca gelişir
Yeni epitelle kapatılır
İlk 24 saat
İnsizyon sahasındaki fibrin içine nötrofiller ilerler
Epidermiste kesilen yerlere komşu bazal hücrelerde mitotik aktivite artar
Robbins Basic Pathology
24-48 saat
Her iki uçtaki epite
Epithelial cells from both edges have begun to migrate and proliferate along the dermis
Deposite basement membrane components as they progress
The cells meet in the midline beneath the surface scab
A thin but continuous epithelial layer.
Robbins Basic Pathology
By day 3
Neutrophils replaced by macrophages
Granulation tissue progressively invades the incision space
Collagen fibers are evident at the incision margins, but these are vertically oriented and do not bridge the incision
Epithelial cell proliferation continues, yielding a thickened epidermal covering layer
Robbins Basic Pathology
By day 5
Neovascularization reaches its peak
Granulation tissue fills the incisional space
Collagen fibrils become more abundant and begin to bridge the incision
The epidermis recovers its normal thickness
Differentiation of surface cells yields a mature epidermal architecture with surface keratinization
Robbins Basic Pathology
Second week
Continued collagen accumulation and fibroblast proliferation
The leukocyte infiltrate, edema, and increased vascularity are substantially diminished
Increasing collagen deposition within the incisional scar
Regression of vascular channels
Robbins Basic Pathology
By the end of the first month
Scar consists of a cellular connective tissue
No inflammatory cells
Covered by a normal epidermis
Dermal appendages destroyed in the line of the incision are permanently lost The tensile strength of the wound increases with time
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Inflammatory reaction is more intense
Abundant granulation tissue
Robbins Basic Pathology
Accumulation of ECM and formation of a large scar
Followed by wound contraction by myofibroblasts
Robbins Basic Pathology
Wound strength
70% to 80% of normal by 3 months
Usually does not improve
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Robbins Basic Pathology
Excessive deposition of collagen and other ECM components in a tissue
Deposition of collagen in chronic diseases.
The basic mechanisms of fibrosis are the same as those of scar formation during tissue repair
Tissue repair occurs after a short-lived injurious stimulus, follows an orderly sequence of steps
**Fibrosis is induced by persistent injurious stimuli **
Responsible for organ dysfunction and even organ failure